How Students Speak


Recently, a student asked me what an astrolabe was. After I explained, she asked, “How it look?”

I’ve worked with students in diverse, urban schools for several years. The students I’ve worked with have been at varying levels of preparedness for success. It was not unusual to expend significant effort in assisting a student on a project only for the student to never complete and submit it, for instance.

However, perhaps the most irritating aspect of my experience has not been anything done or said by the students, but rather my colleagues’ attitudes regarding their students’ speech.

There is a standard dialect of American English, and educators should teach it to students, as they do. Educated people speak a certain way in professional settings. They don’t say, “How it look?”

Yet, it is also true that educated people do not look derisively upon other ways of speaking. At least, they don’t if they are educated about language.

Languages change. The variations in speech that are frequently treated as irksome represent the very processes of language change that created the standard ways of speaking. At one time, it was improper to use singular “you.” You were supposed to use “thou.” At one time, it was improper to pronounce disturbed as “dis turbd.” You were supposed to say “dis tur bid.” In these instances, people began using the language incorrectly, and eventually the incorrect usage became the correct usage.

People who complain about language change do so in a dialect that is entirely composed of earlier mistakes. The mistakes they are complaining about are potential elements of tomorrow’s standard dialect, the dialect with which their future analogue will issue equally uninformed complaints about language decay.

To assume that the English you’re used to is inherently the proper way of speaking English is like imagining that the arrangement of the clouds the first time you saw them is the proper arrangement of the clouds. It’s like imagining that they were improperly arranged before that and will be improperly arranged forever thence.

Furthermore, at no time in a language’s evolution is it spoken in a uniform manner. There are always different accents and different dialects. The standard accent or dialect is whichever one is spoken by powerful or influential people. It is not the correct way of speaking because of any properties of the accent or dialect. Its preeminence is arbitrary.

This isn’t to say that students should not be taught “proper” English. They should. It will help them navigate professional settings, and a society ought to have a set of common linguistic guidelines to which to refer.

On the other hand, when one recognizes the arbitrary nature of what constitutes the standard ways of speaking, exasperation with the fact that other people speak differently than you is revealed to be absurd. People who derive a sense of superiority from having been born to speakers of a standard dialect ought to be as stigmatized as racists. Just as with racists, their sense of superiority is both unwarranted and pernicious.

It is a badge of education to recognize variations in speech; it is a badge of ignorance to find them vexing.

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